Covered construction in Strafford County, New Hampshire requires a permit and must comply with the statewide building and fire codes12. Strafford County itself does not issue the permit; the process depends on the city or town and whether it has a local enforcement mechanism3. Zoning is also municipal rather than county-administered4.
At a glance
- Building permit
- Required for covered construction; the local process depends on the city or town13
- Zoning
- No county zoning; each city and town administers its own ordinance under state law45
- Septic
- Construction and operation approval comes from the state Subsurface Systems Bureau, not the county67
- Land records
- Recorded at the Strafford County Registry of Deeds in Dover8
- Building code
- State building and fire codes apply throughout Strafford County2
- RV / camping on your land
- State campground rules cover temporary recreational stays only, not year-round residency9
- Owner-builder exemption
- Not confirmed on any authoritative source; ask the specific town10
Who to call
Also useful
Strafford County Registry of Deeds
Recording deeds and other land-transfer documents for the three cities and ten towns of Strafford County
259 County Farm Rd, Suite 202, Dover, NH 03820
Septic permits
New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, Land Resource Management
Construction and operation approval for septic (subsurface sewage disposal) systems statewide, including Strafford County
29 Hazen Drive, Concord, NH 03302-0095
Building permits
City of Dover Inspection Services
Building, electrical, plumbing and mechanical permits and inspections for the City of Dover (example only; does not apply to other Strafford County towns)
269 Mast Road, Dover, NH
Zoning
City of Dover Planning Department
Zoning administration, site plan review and the Zoning Board of Adjustment for the City of Dover (example only; does not apply to other Strafford County towns)
288 Central Ave., Dover, NH 03820
Contact details are copied from each office’s official page and were checked against it on September 29, 2026.
Do you need a building permit in Strafford County, New Hampshire?
Yes, covered construction in Strafford County requires a permit before work begins, and all buildings, building components and structures must comply with New Hampshire's statewide building and fire codes12. Strafford County government does not issue that permit; cities and towns with local enforcement mechanisms use their own permit processes31. Where a municipality lacks local enforcement, the state permit system applies to covered work but excludes one- and two-family dwellings11. Identify the municipality before planning the project, then ask its building office which application and inspections apply; Dover's Inspection Services division is one municipal example, not the office for other communities12.
Who handles building permits in Dover, and how do you reach them?
Dover's Inspection Services division operates from 269 Mast Road, near the Public Works facility, and can be reached at 603-516-6038, Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.12. Permit and license applications can be submitted through Dover's online portal12. A building official must act on a complete ordinary residential application within 30 days, while the deadline is 60 days for nonresidential work or residential projects exceeding 10 dwelling units13. Dover's office serves only Dover; for land elsewhere, start with that municipality because Strafford County has no countywide building-permit office3.
Does Strafford County have zoning?
Strafford County does not administer countywide zoning; zoning is handled by its cities and towns4. Subdivision rules are municipal too: New Hampshire allows an authorized municipal planning board to regulate subdivision plats and related street and utility plans5. The Town of Strafford has exercised that authority, and its Planning Board administers subdivision regulations covering all land in that town, including condominium development and specified condominium subdivisions14. Do not apply that Town of Strafford rule to Dover or another municipality. For a Dover parcel, the city Planning Department can be reached at 603-516-6008 or [email protected]15. Ask the parcel's own municipality about its zoning district, setbacks, allowed uses, minimum dwelling size and subdivision review because no countywide answer was confirmed4.
How do septic permits work in Strafford County?
Septic systems anywhere in Strafford County need construction and operation approval from the state, not the county: New Hampshire's Department of Environmental Services approves the plans, which must be designed and submitted by a permitted New Hampshire septic system designer67. No one may construct a building that discharges sewage, or build a sewage disposal system, without the department's prior approval of the plans and specifications, and a completed system can't be covered or placed in operation until it passes final inspection1617. Locally, only about 4.8% of Strafford County's soil is free of severe limits for a conventional drain field, which is common for New Hampshire's thin, rocky or seasonally wet glacial soils, so budget for a careful site evaluation and possibly an engineered system18. If no public sewer sits within 100 feet of a dwelling, state law requires the wastewater to be conveyed underground or otherwise disposed of in a non-offensive manner, which is the legal basis for using septic at all19.
Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in Strafford County?
New Hampshire's recreational-campground rules only cover temporary occupancy, not permanent residency: they require a minimum campsite size for RVs at licensed campgrounds and explicitly limit occasional RV use on any other parcel to no more than 7 days per calendar year without a compliance filing to the town9. A year-round RV or tiny-home residence is a different question entirely, governed by whichever town's zoning ordinance covers the parcel, since Strafford County has no zoning of its own4. Ask the specific town's zoning office before you buy if living in an RV or tiny home is part of the plan; Dover's Planning Department is one example of who to call in that town15.
Building on land in Strafford County: the steps, in order
- Identify the city or town containing the parcel because zoning and local permit administration are municipal34.
- Ask that municipality's planning office about the zoning district, allowed use, dimensional rules and subdivision approval; in the Town of Strafford, the Planning Board administers town subdivision regulations14.
- Confirm the correct permit path before starting covered construction, which requires a permit and statewide code compliance12.
- If the project needs septic, hire a permitted New Hampshire septic designer and obtain NHDES construction approval before work begins716.
- Check deeds and recorded easements through the Strafford County Registry of Deeds8.
- Request required construction inspections before work is concealed, then secure final septic approval and any applicable certificate of occupancy201721.
What to check before you buy land in Strafford County
The nearest city of 100,000 or more is about 29 miles from Strafford County's center, while the county averages 362.6 people per square mile2223. About 86.2% of the land is wooded and 82% has a slope of 15% or less, but those countywide measures do not establish that a particular parcel is buildable2425. Ask the parcel's municipality about permits, zoning and current land-use restrictions before closing34. Check soil suitability before budgeting for septic because only 4.8% of county soil is rated without severe limits for a conventional drain field18. Agricultural operations do not receive a blanket exemption from local dimensional, setback or driveway rules, although a limited waiver process may apply26. Confirm title and recorded easements through the Strafford County Registry of Deeds8.
Watch-outs
- Do not mistake the lack of a Strafford County permit office for a permit exemption: covered construction requires a permit and statewide building-code compliance12.
- The Town of Strafford's subdivision regulations are town-specific and should not be applied to parcels in Dover or another Strafford County municipality14.
- No source found confirms an owner-builder exemption anywhere in Strafford County; ask the specific town's building office directly before assuming one applies10.
Sources
- Section 155-A:4 Permit Required, quoted and re-checked
- Section 155-A:2 State Building Code, quoted and re-checked
- NH RSA Chapter 155-A, New Hampshire Building Code (2026 county census)
- Town of Strafford NH Zoning and Land Use Ordinances (2026 county census)
- RSA 674:35 — Power to Regulate Subdivisions (New Hampshire statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- NH Department of Environmental Services - Septic Systems (2026 county census)
- New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, Land Resource Management (des.nh.gov)
- Strafford County Registry of Deeds (co.strafford.nh.us)
- Chapter 216-I Recreational Campgrounds and Camping Parks (New Hampshire statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- (2026 county census)
- Chapter 155-A New Hampshire Building Code (New Hampshire statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- City of Dover Inspection Services (dover.nh.gov)
- RSA 155-A:4 Permit Required (New Hampshire statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Town of Strafford Zoning and Land Use Ordinances, quoted and re-checked
- City of Dover Planning Department (dover.nh.gov)
- RSA 485-A:32 Prior Approval; Permits (New Hampshire statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- RSA 485-A:29 Submission and Approval of Plans and Specifications (New Hampshire statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Share of soils without severe limits for a conventional septic drain field (USDA SSURGO): Bolthole Index county data
- RSA 147:8 Toilets; Drains (New Hampshire statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Saf-C 8100 State Building Permit System (New Hampshire statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Saf-C 8100 State Building Permit System (New Hampshire statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Distance to the nearest metro area: Bolthole Index county data
- Population density: Bolthole Index county data
- Wooded share of land: Bolthole Index county data
- Share of land at 15% slope or less: Bolthole Index county data
- RSA 674:32-c — Other General Provisions (New Hampshire statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
Written September 29, 2026 from the rules quoted below, each taken from an official source and re-checked by an independent reviewer. This is research, not legal advice: rules change, so confirm with the office before you buy or build.