Bolthole Index

From home to viable land

Find land worth driving to.

We rank reachable counties, show what land costs, and help you vet the properties you find.

Already looking at land?Start a Property Hunt →

National rankings

Start with the strongest counties.

A first pass through the index: high-scoring counties for bolthole land, with a budget lens when carrying cost matters more.

Ranking lens
Core RankBudget RankScore
  1. 01Knox CountyME95
  2. 02Oxford CountyME92
  3. 03Hancock CountyME92
  4. 04Penobscot CountyME92
  5. 05Houghton CountyMI89
  1. 01Knox CountyME · Carry 64.501495
  2. 02Oxford CountyME · Carry 76.11592
  3. 03Hancock CountyME · Carry 69.754192
  4. 04Penobscot CountyME · Carry 76.169192
  5. 05Houghton CountyMI · Carry 82.294289

County intelligence for off-grid land and homestead decisions

The Bolthole Index ranks every county in America for backup land, off-grid living, and long-term resilience. We score seclusion, self-sufficiency, administrative boringness, durability, property autonomy, and carry cost while treating budget as a constraint instead of the whole thesis.

Custom county screener →Your weights on all six factors — re-rank 3,143 counties live
Boltholes near your city →NYC, LA, Atlanta + 13 more — ranked by drive bandCompare counties →Any 2–3 counties side-by-side: factors, prices, water, rulesBest states for homesteading →Self-sufficiency, water, and quiet rural land — rankedBest states to live off-grid →Seclusion, admin boringness, durability, autonomy — rankedCounties with no building codes →All 800+, verified from county sourcesCounties with no zoning →County-by-county land-use friction, sourced where possibleNo building codes and no zoning →The 600+ least-regulated counties to build in, verifiedCheapest states for off-grid land →Carry cost, low taxes, few rules — ranked

A British word, an American search

What is a bolthole?

A bolthole is a place of refuge—somewhere to go when ordinary systems fail or you simply need a way out. Here it means reachable rural backup land with enough water and productive capacity to support a household, but modest enough to own quietly and carry for years.

Jon Ragsdale built this independent project after reading Barton Biggs’s Wealth, War & Wisdom, a history of markets, real assets, and wealth preservation through World War II. Read the origin story and the full definition →

Methodology

How the index thinks

The score is a first-pass due diligence model for bolthole land. It favors counties with practical self-sufficiency, distance from dense systems, durable climate and hazard profiles, workable local rules, property autonomy, and manageable carrying costs.

Self-Sufficiency24%
Seclusion22%
Durability19%
Admin Boringness17%
Property Autonomy13%
Carry Cost5%

Best places to live by state