Sanilac County, Michigan requires a county building permit before construction1. Zoning is not administered at the county level; approval must come from the township, city or village that covers the parcel23. The Sanilac County Health Department handles septic and well permits4.
At a glance
- Building permit
- Required through the Sanilac County Construction and Land Use Department before construction1
- Zoning
- No county-level zoning; obtain approval from the applicable township, city or village23
- Septic and wells
- Permits and evaluations go through the Sanilac County Health Department's Environmental Health Division45
- RV living
- Not confirmed countywide; ask the zoning administrator for the township, city or village covering the parcel2
- Tiny home
- Local zoning and construction approvals apply; wheels do not create automatic approval6
- Owner-builder
- A homeowner doing the work on their own single-family dwelling may pull the permit; a homeowner hiring a contractor may not pull that trade's permit3
- Certificate of Occupancy
- Required before a new or altered building may be used or occupied7
Who to call
Building permits
Sanilac County Construction and Land Use Department
Building, electrical, plumbing and mechanical permit applications and inspections in Sanilac County
60 West Sanilac, Courthouse Annex-Room 210, Sandusky, Michigan 48471
Septic permits
Sanilac County Health Department — Environmental Health Division
Septic and well permits, soil evaluations, and related environmental health applications
171 Dawson Street Ste. 123, Sandusky, MI 48471
Contact details are copied from each office’s official page and were checked against it on September 28, 2026.
Do you need a building permit in Sanilac County, Michigan?
Yes. Sanilac County requires an appropriate building permit before construction, and its Construction and Land Use Department enforces the Michigan construction code countywide1. Michigan also requires a permit when a building's use or occupancy changes, while ordinary repairs are exempt only when they do not involve structural, egress, safety, plumbing, electrical or mechanical work described by the state8. The current statewide commercial code is the Michigan Building Code adopted from the 2021 edition, effective April 9, 2025; residential requirements are in the Michigan Residential Code9. A new or altered building cannot be used or occupied until the code official issues a Certificate of Occupancy7.
Who is the Sanilac County building department, and how do you reach it?
The Sanilac County Construction and Land Use Department accepts permit applications at 60 West Sanilac, Courthouse Annex-Room 210, Sandusky, Michigan 48471, from 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. on weekdays other than legal holidays3. Call (810)648-4664 during those hours to schedule an inspection3. The department handles building, electrical, plumbing and mechanical permit applications and inspections3. A homeowner doing their own work on their own single-family dwelling may pull a permit, but a homeowner who hires a contractor may not pull that contractor's permit3. Building permits require periodic inspections, and the county may cancel a permit when a project has not started and no inspection occurs within six months, excluding the site inspection3.
Does Sanilac County have zoning?
Sanilac County does not administer county-level zoning; the applicable township, city or village controls parcel zoning2. The county building application requires approval from the parcel's city, village or township zoning administrator3. That local approval is where a buyer should confirm permitted uses, setbacks, minimum dwelling size, building height, accessory dwellings and RV occupancy, because no countywide numeric answers for those subjects were confirmed. Michigan law provides a framework for counties, townships, cities and villages to establish zoning districts, but the actual districts and restrictions must be checked in the ordinance for the local government covering the parcel10. Identify the parcel's municipality before making an offer, then obtain its written zoning approval before submitting the county building-permit package3.
How do septic and well permits work in Sanilac County?
The Sanilac County Health Department's Environmental Health Division handles county septic and well permitting4. Applications can be submitted to 171 Dawson Street Ste. 123, Sandusky, MI 48471; questions go to (810) 648-4098 ext. 124 or [email protected]5. Michigan coordinates onsite wastewater oversight through EGLE, while local health departments permit and inspect onsite sanitary wastewater systems11. Sanilac County's building office requires Health Department review when a project includes sanitary facilities or adds bedrooms3. Only about 12% of county soils are rated without severe limitations for a conventional septic drain field, so obtain a parcel-specific soil evaluation before finalizing a house location12. Michigan requires sanitary sewage to go to a municipal sanitary sewer or an onsite septic system13.
Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in Sanilac County?
We could not confirm a countywide rule allowing long-term RV living or temporary camping on private land in Sanilac County. Ask the township, city or village zoning administrator responsible for the parcel, because zoning approval comes from that local government rather than the county23. Michigan guidance does not treat a tiny house as a recreational unit merely because the house is built on wheels; the cited resort guidance requires local zoning, building, electrical and plumbing approvals, plus applicable well and septic permits6. That state guidance does not create a general right to occupy a tiny house or RV on a private rural parcel6. Confirm both the proposed dwelling type and any plan to occupy it during construction with the local zoning administrator before buying land.
Building a home in Sanilac County: the steps, in order
- Identify the township, city or village covering the parcel and obtain zoning approval from its zoning administrator3.
- Ask the Sanilac County Health Department to evaluate the septic and well plan, especially when the project includes bathrooms or bedrooms35.
- Determine whether the site lies in the 1% annual-chance floodplain of a river, stream or drain; occupation, construction, filling or grade changes there require a floodplain permit, and state approval does not replace local building or zoning approval14.
- Apply to the Sanilac County Construction and Land Use Department for the building permit and any electrical, plumbing or mechanical permits the work requires13.
- If the driveway is new or its use changes, obtain approval from the city, village, county or state authority controlling the road right-of-way3.
What should you check before buying land in Sanilac County?
Confirm the parcel's township, city or village and ask its zoning administrator for the allowed use, setbacks, dwelling standards and any RV restrictions23. Arrange a soil evaluation before assuming a conventional drain field will work, because about 12% of county soils are rated without severe limitations for that use12. Check flood maps and permitting before planning work in a river, stream or drain's 1% annual-chance floodplain14. Verify who controls the frontage road, because that authority issues the driveway permit when access is new or its use changes3. Land division is regulated under Michigan's Land Division Act, with final subdivision plats reviewed for compliance before recording15. For budgeting context, the county's effective property-tax rate is about 0.9%, and the median annual property-tax bill is about $1,4881617.
Watch-outs
- A county building permit does not replace the separate zoning approval required from the township, city or village covering the parcel23.
- Only about 12% of Sanilac County soils are rated without severe limitations for a conventional septic drain field, so a parcel-specific soil evaluation belongs early in due diligence12.
- We could not confirm a complete county construction-permit fee schedule; ask the Construction and Land Use Department for current charges before setting the project budget3.
Sources
- Sanilac County - Construction and Land Use (2026 county census)
- Sanilac County - Construction and Land Use, Procedures and Instructions (2026 county census)
- Sanilac County Construction and Land Use Department (sanilaccounty.gov)
- Procedures and Instructions (2026 county census)
- Sanilac County Health Department — Environmental Health Division (sanilachealth.com)
- 2022 ARVC - General (Michigan statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Certificate of Occupancy Request (Michigan statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Building Permit Information, quoted and re-checked
- Code Books (Michigan statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Michigan Zoning Enabling Act (Michigan statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Michigan Guide to Environmental Regulations, Chapter 3: Wastewater (Michigan statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Share of soils without severe limits for a conventional septic drain field (USDA SSURGO): Bolthole Index county data
- Disposal of residential wastewater such as swimming pool water (Michigan statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Floodplain Management for Local Officials, quoted and re-checked
- Subdivisions (Michigan statewide rule), quoted and re-checked
- Effective property tax rate: Bolthole Index county data
- Median property tax bill: Bolthole Index county data
Written September 28, 2026 from the rules quoted below, each taken from an official source and re-checked by an independent reviewer. This is research, not legal advice: rules change, so confirm with the office before you buy or build.