Mackinac County, MI: Owner-Builder Allowed

Mackinac County, Michigan requires a building permit before most new construction under Michigan's statewide construction-code system¹. Mackinac County government has no county building program: two cities and five townships handle building enforcement locally, while the state handles the remaining townships². Check zoning with the parcel's city or township, and take septic and well applications to LMAS District Health Department^3,4,5,6.

At a glance

Building permit: Required statewide, but Mackinac County has no county building department; enforcement is split between local township/city departments and the state⁷
Zoning: Check the parcel's city or township; local zoning is confirmed in the City of Mackinac Island and Portage Township^3,4
Septic permits: LMAS District Health Department, serving Luce, Mackinac, Alger and Schoolcraft counties⁵
Owner-builder: An owner building on their property for their own use and occupancy is exempt from builder licensing, not from permits or inspections⁸
Well permits: LMAS requires permits for new wells and extensive changes; minor repairs have stated exceptions⁶
Septic fees (LMAS): $200 site evaluation; residential permit fees run from $200 to $700 by system type, with an added island-travel charge when applicable⁹
RV / tiny home living: No confirmed countywide private-land rule; local zoning controls, and separate state rules apply to licensed and temporary campgrounds^10,11
Floodplain work: Some construction, fill and grade changes in regulated river, stream or drain floodplains require an EGLE permit¹²

Who to call

Building permits

Michigan LARA Bureau of Construction Codes, Building Trades Section

Building-permit questions and enforcement for Michigan jurisdictions, including Mackinac County townships where the state (not a local building department) is the enforcing agency

517-241-9313

bccpermits@michigan.gov

Online permits →

Also useful

Statewide Jurisdiction List (Michigan Bureau of Construction Codes)

The state's own list of which unit of government (state, county, or a named city/township) enforces building, electrical, mechanical and plumbing code in each Michigan jurisdiction, including every city and township in Mackinac County

One more officeSeptic permits

Septic permits

LMAS District Health Department, Mackinac County office

Onsite sewage disposal (septic) and private well permits for Mackinac County

(906) 643-1100

749 Hombach Street, St. Ignace, Michigan 49781

Contact details are copied from each office’s official page and were checked against it on October 7, 2026.

Do you need a building permit in Mackinac County, Michigan?

Yes.

Yes. A written building-permit application must go to the appropriate enforcing agency before construction in Mackinac County and when a structure's use or occupancy changes¹. Ordinary repairs are exempt only within the code's limits; structural, egress, plumbing, electrical, mechanical, health or safety work does not become permit-free merely because it is called a repair¹. Michigan lists the 2021 Michigan Building Code as current and places residential requirements in the 2015 Michigan Residential Code¹³. A Certificate of Occupancy is required before the completed building is used¹⁴. An owner erecting a residence on their property for their own use and occupancy is exempt from residential-builder licensing, but that exemption does not remove permit, code, inspection, zoning or septic requirements¹⁵.

Who handles building permits in Mackinac County, and how do you reach them?

Mackinac County government does not run a county building program.

Mackinac County government does not run a county building program². The City of St. Ignace, City of Mackinac Island, and Clark, Hendricks, Marquette, Moran and Newton townships enforce building codes locally². Bois Blanc, Brevort, Garfield, Hudson, Portage and St. Ignace townships use state building enforcement². For state-enforced parcels, contact the Michigan Bureau of Construction Codes Building Trades Section at 517-241-9313 or bccpermits@michigan.gov, or use its permit portal¹. State permits are available online or by mail, though mailed applications may be delayed¹⁶. The state Bureau publishes its own fee schedule, but local enforcing agencies may use different fees, so request the correct agency's current total¹⁷.

Does Mackinac County have zoning?

Zoning rules in Mackinac County must be checked with the city or township containing the parcel.

Zoning rules in Mackinac County must be checked with the city or township containing the parcel. The City of Mackinac Island has its own zoning ordinance, while an official regional planning page lists a Portage Township zoning document but does not confirm whether it remains current or has later amendments^3,4. Michigan law lets counties, townships, cities and villages establish zoning districts, but the applicable map and standards come from the ordinance governing the parcel¹⁸. Ask that jurisdiction for current setbacks, lot coverage, height, minimum lot size and allowed uses. Land division is regulated statewide, and Garfield Township has a specific review process addressing access, easements, utilities and site constraints^19,20. Right to Farm protection is not a blanket zoning or building-permit exemption²¹.

How do septic permits work in Mackinac County?

LMAS District Health Department permits septic systems throughout Mackinac County.

LMAS District Health Department permits septic systems throughout Mackinac County^5,22. New, altered, extended or replacement systems require an application and an LMAS site-and-soils evaluation before permit issuance⁹. Only 1.2% of county soils rate as free of severe limitations for a conventional drain field, so make approval an early purchase contingency²³. Before a permitted system is covered or used, the installer must give LMAS 72 hours' notice for a final construction inspection²². A privy is a conditional option for remote sites without public electrical utilities or plumbing in a livable structure, not a way around zoning, construction-code or LMAS requirements²⁴. LMAS also requires a permit for a new well or extensive changes to an existing supply, subject to stated exceptions for minor repairs⁶.

Can you live in an RV or tiny home on your land in Mackinac County?

We could not confirm a countywide rule allowing or barring long-term RV or tiny-home living on private land in Mackinac County; ask the parcel's city or township for a written zoning answer.

We could not confirm a countywide rule allowing or barring long-term RV or tiny-home living on private land in Mackinac County; ask the parcel's city or township for a written zoning answer. Five or more recreational units used as temporary living quarters trigger Michigan campground licensing, but that threshold does not authorize or prohibit private-land RV residence¹⁰. A park model is a narrower category: on a licensed campsite it must be wheel-mounted on a single chassis, no larger than 400 square feet in setup mode, certified to the applicable standard, and served by specified water, sewer and wastewater capacity¹¹. A tiny house outside that park-model setting still needs applicable local zoning, building, electrical and plumbing approvals²⁵.

Building a home in Mackinac County: the steps, in order

Identify the parcel's city or township and use the Statewide Jurisdiction List to find the correct building-code agency.

Identify the parcel's city or township and use the Statewide Jurisdiction List to find the correct building-code agency².

Ask the city or township for the zoning district, allowed use, setbacks and lot standards; if dividing land, also identify the applicable state and local review^3,4,19.

Arrange the LMAS site-and-soils evaluation early because only 1.2% of county soils rate as free of severe limitations for a conventional drain field^9,23.

Apply to LMAS before drilling a new well or making extensive changes to a water supply⁶.

Submit construction documents and the written building-permit application to the correct enforcing agency, and obtain that agency's fee total before work starts^1,17.

Complete the required building and septic inspections, then obtain the Certificate of Occupancy before using the building^14,22.

What to check before you buy land in Mackinac County

Confirm the parcel's city or township and get that jurisdiction's zoning answer before relying on a seller's description.

Confirm the parcel's city or township and get that jurisdiction's zoning answer before relying on a seller's description^3,4. Verify building-code authority separately because some Mackinac County cities and townships use local departments while others use the state². Septic suitability deserves early scrutiny: only 1.2% of county soils rate as free of severe limitations for a conventional drain field²³. Check flood maps and state review needs as well, because construction, fill or grade changes in certain river, stream or drain floodplains require an EGLE permit, and new residential construction is prohibited in the floodway¹². Mackinac County is 75.3% forested, and 96.3% of its land is at a slope of 15% or less, but those countywide figures do not replace parcel-level soil, wetland, flood and access checks²³.

Watch-outs

Mackinac County government runs no building department of its own; the enforcing agency is either a specific city/township department or the state, and that assignment is only shown on the state's own jurisdiction list, which can change without notice².
RV use, tiny homes, setbacks and minimum dwelling size must be confirmed with the city or township that governs the parcel; statewide campground rules do not settle private-land occupancy¹⁰.
A parcel in a regulated river, stream or drain floodplain may need an EGLE permit for construction, fill or grade changes, and new residential construction is prohibited in the floodway¹².

Sources

25 official pages, each quoted and re-checked · written October 7, 2026

Written October 7, 2026 from the rules quoted below, each taken from an official source and re-checked by an independent reviewer. This is research, not legal advice: rules change, so confirm with the office before you buy or build.

Off-grid gear

Going off-grid in Mackinac County means bringing your own water and power. The kit we’d start with:

These are affiliate links — we may earn a commission, at no cost to you. As an Amazon Associate, Bolthole Index earns from qualifying purchases.

Compared with neighboring counties

Like all 6 of its neighbors, Mackinac County has countywide zoning.

Rule	Mackinac County	Chippewa County	Emmet County	Cheboygan County	Luce County	Presque Isle County	Charlevoix County
Building permit	Required	Required	Limited	Required	Required	Required	Required
County zoning	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Septic permits	LMAS District Health Dept.	County Health Dept.	Health Dept. of Northwest Michigan	District Health Dept. No. 4	LMAS District Health Dept.	District Health Dept. No. 4	Health Dept. of Northwest Michigan

Answers from the rulebook for Mackinac County

What the ordinances and state agencies actually say — one answer per question, each quoted from the official source and independently re-checked.

Mackinac County rules

Who permits septicLocal
Residential and commercial onsite sewage treatment and disposal systems throughout Mackinac County, including incorporated and unincorporated areas.
- LMAS jurisdiction also covers Luce, Alger, and Schoolcraft Counties.
- Municipalities may adopt more restrictive regulations or enforce existing regulations, but when a health and sanitation inspection is required they must obtain a written LMAS compliance statement before issuing or renewing the relevant license.
“jurisdiction throughout Luce, Mackinac, Alger, and Schoolcraft Counties”
The Upper Peninsula Environmental Health Code ↗Re-checked Sep 26, 2026
Septic permitRequired
Construction, alteration, extension, or replacement of residential or commercial onsite sewage treatment and disposal systems in Mackinac County.
- A complete permit application from the property owner or authorized representative is required.
- A Department site and soils evaluation is required before permit issuance; applicant-paid backhoe excavations may be required.
- Residential permits are subject to the minimum criteria in Section 3-14.1.
- A permit is valid for 24 months, with a 30-day grace period for an extension request; an extension may be for 24 months.
- Permits are non-transferable.
- For commercial systems over 1,000 gallons per day, the code incorporates the Michigan Criteria for Subsurface Sewage Disposal and applicable current state requirements.
- The LMAS residential application lists site evaluation fees of $200 and residential system permit fees ranging from $200 to $700 depending on system type, plus an additional charge for island travel when applicable.
construction permit validity: 24 months (30-day grace period for an extension request; extension may be for 24 months) · site evaluation fee: 200 USD (additional island-travel charge may apply) · residential permit fee: 200-700 USD (depends on system type)
“Our program establishes requirements for construction permits”
The Upper Peninsula Environmental Health Code ↗Re-checked Sep 26, 2026
Septic inspectionRequired
All permitted onsite sewage treatment and disposal systems installed in Mackinac County before being placed into use and receiving Department approval.
- The installation contractor must notify the Department 72 hours before completion to schedule the final inspection.
- The Department is to perform the final inspection within 72 hours of completion when the required advance notification is provided.
- Backfilling or covering is prohibited until inspection is completed or Department approval to backfill is granted.
- An affidavit of construction may be allowed instead when unforeseen circumstances prevent a final inspection.
- Final approval may be denied for permit-condition violations, faulty workmanship or materials, or noncompliance with the code.
advance inspection notice: 72 hours · Department inspection timing after completion: 72 hours (when required advance notification is provided)
“shall receive a final construction inspection”
The Upper Peninsula Environmental Health Code ↗Re-checked Sep 26, 2026
One more reviewed finding on this topic
- Limited — Existing onsite sewage treatment and disposal systems in Mackinac County when a permit or final inspection is unavailable, or when LMAS determines an onsite evaluation is required.
  “If Environmental Health Staff determine that an on-site evaluation is required, applicant and Environmental Health Staff shall coordinate a date and time to conduct on-site system or site & soil evaluation.”
  Existing Facility Evaluation Application for Residential Sewage Disposal and Water Supply Systems ↗Re-checked Sep 11, 2026
Off-grid sanitationLimited
Privy-based sanitation as an alternative onsite sanitation option in Mackinac County under LMAS environmental-health permitting.
- The LMAS application lists a privy as an onsite sewage disposal system option and fee; the excerpt does not establish unrestricted approval without site evaluation and applicable code compliance.
- Alternative onsite systems and privies remain subject to the Upper Peninsula Environmental Health Code and applicable LMAS requirements.
privy fee: 198 USD
“Privies shall not be allowed where not compliant with local zoning, State of Michigan construction codes, associated Technical bulletins, policies, and advisories. Privies are intended for remote sites with no available public electrical utilities or plumbing in a livable structure.”
Application to Construct Residential Sewage Disposal and/or Water Supply System(s) ↗Re-checked Sep 11, 2026
Well permitRequired
Construction of a well or water supply, and extensive changes to an existing water supply, in Mackinac County.
- A complete application by the property owner or authorized representative is required.
- The permit is valid for 24 months, with a 30-day grace period for an extension request; it may be extended once for 24 months.
- Minor repairs such as replacing a pump, pump controls, drop pipe, pressure tank, or chemical treatment/disinfection do not require a permit.
- Mineral wells under the Mineral Well Act do not require an LMAS permit.
- A separate LMAS permit may not be required where EGLE directly requires a permit for the installation under the Safe Drinking Water Act.
- Emergency work may begin without prior permit when lack of water causes undue hardship while the Department is closed, but the permit must be obtained the next working day.
- An on-site inspection may be required during construction, and inspection of a new or extensively changed system may be required before use.
- LMAS final approval requires compliance, submission and approval of the well and pump record, and water-quality results meeting safe drinking-water standards for tested parameters.
well permit validity: 24 months (30-day grace period for extension request; one 24-month extension permitted)
“a well permit be obtained from the local health department”
The Upper Peninsula Environmental Health Code ↗Re-checked Sep 26, 2026
One more reviewed finding on this topic
- Required — New, repair, or replacement residential water-supply wells processed through LMAS in Mackinac County.
  “Residential WATER SUPPLY ($315): New Repair/Replacement (old well must be abandoned) Additional Non-Potable use ($315): Irrigation Livestock Other: ______________”
  Application to Construct Residential Sewage Disposal and/or Water Supply System(s) ↗Re-checked Sep 11, 2026
County-wide zoningPresent
Zoning in Mackinac County is administered at the township level; the county hosts adopted township zoning ordinances (e.g., the Portage Township Zoning Ordinance).
Portage Township (Mackinac County) Zoning Ordinance ↗From the county’s own site, awaiting a second reviewer

Michigan rules that apply here

Building permitRequired
Construction of a building or structure in Michigan, subject to exceptions in the Michigan construction code.
- The owner, or the owner's builder, architect, engineer, or agent, must submit a written application to the appropriate enforcing agency before construction.
- The application must use the commission-prescribed form, include the established enforcing-agency fee, contain a detailed affidavit-verified statement of specifications, include complete scaled plans, and include a site plan showing dimensions and locations of proposed and existing buildings or structures on the premises.
- The act states 'Except as otherwise provided in the code'; specific exemptions require separate verification.
“Except as otherwise provided in the code, before construction of a building or structure, the owner, or the owner's builder, architect, engineer, or agent, shall submit an application in writing to the appropriate enforcing agency for a building permit.”
Stille-DeRossett-Hale Single State Construction Code Act, MCL 125.1510 ↗Re-checked Oct 5, 2026
One more reviewed finding on this topic
- Required — Construction of a building or structure, and changes in the use or occupancy of a structure or portion thereof, including work in Mackinac County.
  “Before construction of a building or structure [...] shall submit an application in writing to the appropriate enforcing agency for a building permit.”
  Building Permit Information ↗Re-checked Sep 11, 2026
Owner-builder exemptionAvailable (with conditions)
An owner constructing a residential structure on the owner's property for the owner's own use and occupancy in Mackinac County and elsewhere in Michigan.
- The exemption concerns the residential-builder licensing requirement; it does not eliminate the building-permit requirement.
- The structure must be on the person's property and for the person's own use and occupancy.
- Before construction of a building or structure, an owner or the owner's builder, architect, engineer, or agent must submit a written application to the appropriate enforcing agency for a building permit.
- A permit is also required when the use or occupancy of a structure or portion thereof is changed.
- Ordinary repairs are exempt from permitting, but the LARA page lists exceptions including structural work, required means of egress, and work affecting public health or general safety.
“or a person who erects a residential structure or combination residential and commercial structure except for the person's own use and occupancy on the person's property.”
Frequently Asked Questions – Residential Builder (RB) ↗Re-checked Oct 7, 2026
2 more reviewed findings on this topic
- Available (with conditions) — A person erecting a residential structure for the person's own use and occupancy on the person's property in Michigan, including Mackinac County.
  “(iii) A person that erects a residential structure except for the person's own use and occupancy on the person's property.”
  Building Permit Information ↗Re-checked Oct 7, 2026
- Available (with conditions) — Michigan residential-builder licensing when an individual erects a residential structure or combination residential and commercial structure for the individual's own use and occupancy on the individual's property.
  “or a person who erects a residential structure or combination residential and commercial structure except for the person's own use and occupancy on the person's property.”
  Frequently Asked Questions – Residential Builder ↗Re-checked Oct 1, 2026
Building code adoptedAdopted (with conditions)
Construction, alteration, use, occupancy, and maintenance of buildings and structures in Michigan, including Mackinac County.
- Residential requirements are contained in the Michigan Residential Code.
- Before construction of a building or structure, an application must be submitted to the appropriate enforcing agency for a building permit.
- A permit is also required when the use or occupancy of a structure or portion thereof is changed.
- A permit is not required for ordinary repairs, subject to the stated limitations on structural, egress, plumbing, electrical, mechanical, and public-health or general-safety work.
- The Michigan Building Code page identifies the 2021 Michigan Building Code as effective April 9, 2025.
- The Michigan code-books page identifies the 2015 Michigan Residential Code as current and effective February 8, 2016.
Michigan Building Code edition: 2021 · Michigan Building Code effective date: 2025-04-09 · Michigan Residential Code edition: 2015 · Michigan Residential Code effective date: 2016-02-08
“2021 Michigan Building Code -Current Code-Effective April 9, 2025 NOTE: Residential requirements are contained in the Michigan Residential Code. 2015 Michigan Residential Code Current Code – Effective February 8, 2016”
Code Books ↗Re-checked Sep 26, 2026
6 more reviewed findings on this topic
- Adopted (with conditions) — Construction, alteration, addition, repair, removal, demolition, use, location, occupancy, and maintenance of buildings and structures in Michigan, including Mackinac County.
  “2021 Michigan Building Code -Current Code-Effective April 9, 2025 NOTE: Residential requirements are contained in the Michigan Residential Code. 2015 Michigan Residential Code Current Code – Effective February 8, 2016”
  Building Permit Information ↗Re-checked Oct 4, 2026
- Adopted (with conditions) — Building construction and one- and two-family residential construction in Mackinac County under Michigan's statewide construction-code system
  “2021 Michigan Building Code -Current Code-Effective April 9, 2025 [...] 2015 Michigan Residential Code Current Code – Effective February 8, 2016”
  Building Permit Information ↗Re-checked Sep 26, 2026
- Adopted (with conditions) — Building construction and residential construction in Michigan, including Mackinac County, subject to the applicable Michigan construction codes and their stated exceptions.
  “2021 Michigan Building Code -Current Code-Effective April 9, 2025 [...] 2015 Michigan Residential Code Current Code – Effective February 8, 2016”
  Building Permit Information ↗Re-checked Oct 4, 2026
- Adopted (with conditions) — Construction, alteration, addition, repair, removal, demolition, use, location, occupancy, and maintenance of buildings and structures in Mackinac County, including one- and two-family dwellings covered by the Michigan Residential Code.
  “The Statewide Jurisdiction List is a listing of all units of government within the state. There are three (3) levels of jurisdiction (state, county, local) for each of the four (4) code disciplines (building, electrical, mechanical, and plumbing). The code authority being administered and enforced by the jurisdictions, as specified in the List, includes the seven (7) codes which make up the State Code according to MCL 125.1504(2). [...] MACKINAC NO COUNTY PROGRAM MACKINAC CITY OF MACKINAC ISLAND LOCAL STATE STATE STATE MACKINAC CITY OF ST. IGNACE LOCAL STATE STATE STATE”
  Building Permit Information ↗Re-checked Oct 4, 2026
- Adopted (with conditions) — Michigan construction subject to the Michigan Building Code and Michigan Residential Code, including construction in Mackinac County.
  “2021 Michigan Building Code -Current Code-Effective April 9, 2025 NOTE: Residential requirements are contained in the Michigan Residential Code. 2015 Michigan Residential Code Current Code – Effective February 8, 2016”
  Code Books ↗Re-checked Oct 6, 2026
- Adopted (with conditions) — Construction, alteration, relocation, demolition, use, and occupancy of buildings and structures statewide in Michigan, including residential requirements administered under the Michigan Residential Code.
  “The provisions of the international building code, 2021 edition, including appendices F, G, and H, except for [...] govern the construction, alteration, relocation, demolition, use, and occupancy of buildings and structures, and, with exceptions noted, the international building code is adopted by reference in these rules.”
  Code Books ↗Re-checked Sep 11, 2026
InspectionsRequired
All construction undertaken pursuant to a building permit issued by an enforcing agency in Michigan.
- The enforcing agency must periodically inspect the permitted construction.
- Inspections are to ensure that construction complies with building-permit conditions, the code, and other applicable laws and ordinances.
- The cited rule concerns construction undertaken pursuant to a building permit issued by the enforcing agency; it does not establish an inspection requirement for work exempt from permitting.
- Inspection administration may be performed by the state or by a local enforcing agency according to the applicable jurisdictional assignment.
inspection frequency: periodic
“An enforcing agency shall periodically inspect all construction undertaken pursuant to a building permit issued by it to insure that the construction is performed in”
courts.michigan.gov ↗Re-checked Oct 1, 2026
One more reviewed finding on this topic
- Required — All construction undertaken pursuant to a building permit issued by a Michigan enforcing agency.
  “An enforcing agency shall periodically inspect all construction undertaken pursuant to a building permit issued by it to insure that the construction is performed in accordance with conditions of the building permit and is consistent with requirements of the code and other applicable laws and ordinances.”
  MCL 125.1512, Inspection of construction ↗Re-checked Oct 5, 2026
Certificate of occupancyRequired
A new building or altered building subject to the Michigan construction code.
- The building or altered building may not be used or occupied until the code official issues a Certificate of Occupancy.
- The permit holder or authorized agent must submit a written request after project completion.
- The request must include applicable building, electrical, mechanical, plumbing, boiler, elevator, plan-review, and school fire-services project numbers.
- The certificate cannot be issued until all fees are paid, permits are finaled, and permitted work is completed in accordance with the permit, code, and applicable laws and ordinances.
- If an electrical, mechanical, plumbing, boiler, elevator, plan-review, or Fire Services project is not required, the request must state “not applicable.”
“A new building or a building that is altered shall not be used or occupied until a Certificate of Occupancy is issued by the code official.”
Certificate of Occupancy Request ↗Re-checked Sep 11, 2026
One more reviewed finding on this topic
- Required — Use or occupancy of a new or altered building in Mackinac County.
  “A new building or a building that is altered shall not be used or occupied until a Certificate of Occupancy is issued by the code official.”
  Certificate of Occupancy Request ↗Re-checked Sep 11, 2026
Zoning districtsPartial
Michigan's statutory zoning framework for counties, townships, cities, and villages; this does not identify the actual zoning districts adopted by each local government.
- Actual zoning districts and district regulations are local and must be checked in the applicable county, township, city, or village ordinance.
- The cited act's stated effective date is July 1, 2006.
“to provide for the establishment in counties, townships, cities, and villages of zoning districts;”
Michigan Zoning Enabling Act ↗Re-checked Sep 11, 2026
Living in an RVLimited
RVs/house trailers occupied as a dwelling, only in cities, villages and townships to which the Housing Law of Michigan applies (population of 10,000 or more); not a statewide rule for all land
- Act applies only to each city, village and township with population of 10,000 or more per the last federal census (MCL 125.401(2)).
- Act does not apply to private dwellings and 2-family dwellings in a unit with population under 100,000 unless its legislative body adopts the provisions by resolution passed by majority vote.
- Vehicles duly licensed as vehicles may be occupied as a dwelling for reasonable periods without otherwise being subject to the act only when located in a park or place designated or licensed for the purpose by the corporate community, with adequate safety and sanitary facilities.
- Unincorporated or smaller units are not covered by this act; their rules are local zoning/county matters not found here.
population threshold for act applicability: >= 10000 people (private and 2-family dwellings need adoption by resolution if population under 100,000)
“this act applies to each city, village, and township that, according to the last regular or special federal census, has a population of 10,000 or more.”
MCL 125.402 Housing Law of Michigan; definitions ↗Re-checked Nov 6, 2026
Mandatory utility hookupConditional
Buildings and premises in Michigan that have plumbing fixtures or drainage piping.
- Connection must be to a public sewer where available, or otherwise to an approved private sewage disposal system.
- Plumbing work cannot begin until the appropriate enforcing agency issues a permit.
- Local requirements may apply to water service and building sewer installation.
“Every building in which plumbing fixtures are installed [...] shall be connected to a public sewer, where available, or an approved private sewage disposal system.”
Michigan Part 7 Plumbing Code Rules ↗Re-checked Sep 11, 2026
Agricultural exemptionConditional
Agricultural farm operations in Mackinac County seeking protection from nuisance litigation under Michigan's Right to Farm framework.
- The GAAMPs are voluntary standards used to mitigate nuisance conditions on farms.
- The standards are developed and adopted by the Michigan Commission of Agriculture and Rural Development under the Michigan Right to Farm Act, P.A. 93 of 1981, and reviewed annually.
- A farm determined to be in conformance with the GAAMPs may have an affirmative defense if a nuisance lawsuit is filed; the source does not state that protection is automatic.
- The source does not state that this protection exempts an operation from other state, federal, or local requirements.
“Generally Accepted Agricultural and Management Practices (GAAMPs) are voluntary standards used to mitigate nuisance conditions on farms. They were developed and adopted by the Michigan Commission of Agriculture and Rural Development under the authority of the Michigan Right to Farm Act, P.A. 93, of 1981 and reviewed annually. Farms that are determined to be in conformance with the GAAMPs may have an affirmative defense if a nuisance lawsuit is filed against them.”
Generally Accepted Agricultural and Management Practices (GAAMPs) ↗Re-checked Sep 26, 2026
One more reviewed finding on this topic
- Conditional — Building-permit exemption for shade cloth structures constructed for nursery or agricultural purposes under Michigan Building Code Part 4.
  “Exemptions from permit requirements of the code shall not be deemed to grant authorization for any work to be done in any manner in violation of the provisions of the code or any other laws or ordinances of this jurisdiction. Permits shall not be required for any of the following: [...] (x) Shade cloth structures constructed for nursery or agricultural purposes, not including service systems.”
  Michigan Building Code Part 4 Rules: Work Exempt from Permit ↗Re-checked Oct 1, 2026
Shed and accessory-building permit exemptionAvailable (with conditions)
Building-permit exemption for one-story detached accessory structures regulated by the Michigan Residential Code for one- and two-family dwellings and townhouses.
- The structure must be one-story and detached.
- Floor area must not exceed 200 square feet (18.58 m²).
- The exemption does not authorize work that violates the code or other laws or ordinances of the jurisdiction.
maximum floor area for exempt detached accessory structure: <= 200 square feet (One-story detached accessory structures only; equivalent stated as 18.58 m².)
“Building permits shall not be required for any of the following: (i) One-story detached accessory structures, if the floor area does not exceed 200 square feet (18.58 m²).”
Michigan Administrative Code, Construction Codes—Part 5, Residential Code ↗Re-checked Nov 4, 2026
Subdividing landRegulated (with conditions)
Subdivision plat review and administration under Michigan's Land Division Act statewide.
- The Office of Land Survey and Remonumentation administers applicable Land Division Act provisions.
- Staff conducts final reviews of plat maps for compliance with the Act.
- Final plats are authorized for submission to the Register of Deeds for proper recordation.
“The Office of Land Survey and Remonumentation administers the applicable provisions of the Land Division Act, 1967 PA 288 in order to ensure the orderly development of subdivisions in the State of Michigan. Staff conducts final reviews of plat maps to ensure compliance with the Act and authorizes final plats to be submitted to the Register of Deeds for proper recordation.”
Subdivisions ↗Re-checked Oct 5, 2026
2 more reviewed findings on this topic
- Regulated (with conditions) — Subdivision plats and land divisions in Mackinac County, under Michigan's statewide Land Division Act.
  “The Office of Land Survey and Remonumentation administers the applicable provisions of the Land Division Act, 1967 PA 288 in order to ensure the orderly development of subdivisions in the State of Michigan. Staff conducts final reviews of plat maps to ensure compliance with the Act and authorizes final plats to be submitted to the Register of Deeds for proper recordation.”
  Subdivisions ↗Re-checked Sep 26, 2026
- Regulated (with conditions) — Subdivision plat review and recordation in Michigan.
  “The Office of Land Survey and Remonumentation administers the applicable provisions of the Land Division Act, 1967 PA 288 in order to ensure the orderly development of subdivisions in the State of Michigan. Staff conducts final reviews of plat maps to ensure compliance with the Act and authorizes final plats to be submitted to the Register of Deeds for proper recordation.”
  Subdivisions ↗Re-checked Oct 1, 2026
Driveway accessRequired
Commercial and residential driveways constructed or reconstructed within Michigan state highway right-of-way and access to state trunkline highways.
- An individual permit application package must be submitted through CPS.
- The package includes the Drainage Design Checklist for Accessing State Trunklines (Form 2484), traffic analysis if applicable, traffic impact study if applicable, and preliminary local planning commission review if appropriate.
- A driveway constructed or reconstructed after August 6, 1969, is not lawful unless a permit has been obtained.
- A commercial driveway permit application requires a bond; a residential driveway permit does not require a bond.
- If accessing a state trunkline highway, the driveway permit is required in addition to the local governmental agency building permit.
- If upgrading a driveway or only building a new driveway, a driveway permit may be all that is necessary.
Driveway permit effective date threshold: 1969-08-06 (Driveways constructed or reconstructed after this date require a permit to be lawful) · Commercial driveway bond: true (Residential driveway permit does not require a bond)
“Applicants must submit an individual permit application package through the Construction Permit System (CPS) with the following: Drainage Design Checklist For Accessing State Trunklines (Form 2484) Traffic Analysis, if applicable Traffic Impact Study, if applicable Preliminary review by the local planning commission, for compliance with local long-range development plans, if appropriate A driveway constructed or reconstructed after August 6, 1969, is not lawful unless a permit has been obtained.”
Infrastructure permits ↗Re-checked Oct 1, 2026
Building in a floodplainRequired
Alteration, occupation, construction, filling, or grade changes in the applicable 100-year floodplain of rivers, streams, or drains in Mackinac County.
- The state floodplain regulatory authority applies to rivers, streams, or drains with a drainage area of 2 square miles or greater.
- A permit is not required from EGLE under Part 31 for alterations within the floodplains of the Great Lakes, inland lakes, or watercourses with a drainage area less than 2 square miles, but other NREPA reviews may still be necessary.
- Construction and fill may be permitted in non-floodway portions if local ordinances and building standards are met and compensating excavation is provided equal to the volume of fill placed in the floodplain.
- New residential construction is specifically prohibited in the floodway.
- The lowest floor of residential structures within the 100-year floodplain must be elevated one foot above the 100-year flood elevation; some communities and counties may impose a higher elevation standard.
- The PDF source is marked Rev. 3/2026.
minimum drainage area for Part 31 floodplain authority: >= 2 square miles (Great Lakes, inland lakes, and watercourses below this threshold are outside EGLE Part 31 permit requirement) · minimum lowest-floor elevation: >= 1 foot above the 100-year flood elevation (some communities and counties may require a higher standard)
“occupation, construction, filling or grade changes [...] with a drainage area of 2 square miles or more, requires a permit from EGLE under state floodplain regulations.”
Floodplains ↗Re-checked Sep 26, 2026
One more reviewed finding on this topic
- Required — Alteration or occupation of the 100-year floodplain of a Michigan river, stream, or drain regulated under Part 31.
  “The Floodplain Regulatory Authority deals with the floodplains of rivers, streams, or drains which have a drainage area that is 2 square miles or greater. A permit is not required from EGLE, under Part 31, for alterations within the floodplains of the Great Lakes, inland lakes, or watercourses which have a drainage area less than 2 square miles.”
  Floodplains ↗Re-checked Oct 1, 2026
Permit feesPublished (with conditions)
Building permits issued by the Michigan Bureau of Construction Codes, including applicable state-issued permits for work in Mackinac County.
- The total cost of improvement is based on the Bureau of Construction Codes Square Foot Construction Cost Table.
- Plan review fees for use groups R-3 and R-4 only are included in the computation.
- Premanufactured unit fees are based upon 50% of the normal on-site construction permit fee.
- The first $100.00 of an application fee is non-refundable.
- The schedule is effective April 1, 2024.
- The published schedule also lists separate fees for work not involving square-foot computation, demolition, certificates of occupancy, reopening expired permits, and island inspections.
- Local enforcing agencies may administer building permits and may have locally applicable fee arrangements; this claim is limited to the cited state BCC schedule.
building permit fee for improvement cost up to $1,000: 75 USD (includes one inspection only) · building permit fee for improvement cost $1,000 to $10,000: $75 plus $10 per $1,000 over $1,000 USD · building permit fee for improvement cost $10,001 to $100,000: $165 plus $3 per $1,000 over $10,000 USD · building permit fee for improvement cost $100,000 to $500,000: $435 plus $2 per $1,000 over $100,000 USD · building permit fee for improvement cost over $500,000: $1,235 plus $3 per $1,000 over $500,000 USD · effective date: 2024-04-01
“BUREAU OF CONSTRUCTION CODES FEE SCHEDULE [...] BUILDING PERMITS [...] to $1,000 (includes one inspection only) [...] $75.00 [...] Effective Date - April 1, 2024”
BCC Fees Schedule 4-1-2024 ↗Re-checked Sep 26, 2026
One more reviewed finding on this topic
- Variable (with conditions) — Applications for Michigan building permits under the State Construction Code Act, except where the code provides otherwise.
  “The application shall be on a form prescribed by the commission and shall be accompanied by payment of the fee established by the enforcing agency.”
  Stille-DeRossett-Hale Single State Construction Code Act ↗Re-checked Nov 4, 2026
Permit processPublished (with conditions)
Building permit applications for construction or changed occupancy governed by Michigan's construction code, including applicable work in Mackinac County.
- Before construction, the owner or the owner's builder, architect, engineer, or agent must submit a written application to the appropriate enforcing agency.
- A permit is also required when the use or occupancy of a structure or portion thereof is changed.
- Ordinary repairs do not require a permit, but the source excludes structural, egress, public-health, and general-safety work from the ordinary-repair exception.
- Construction documents are required with each application, but the building official may waive them when code compliance can be determined from the application description.
- Architect or professional-engineer seal and signature are not required for one- and two-family dwellings under 3,500 square feet of calculated floor area or public works under $15,000 in total construction cost.
- Permits may be obtained online or by mail; applying by mail may cause delays.
- The application must be submitted to the appropriate enforcing agency, which may be the state, county, or local unit of government according to the regularly updated Statewide Jurisdiction List.
one- and two-family dwelling seal/signature threshold: < 3500 square feet of calculated floor area (architect or professional-engineer seal and signature not required) · public works seal/signature threshold: < 15000 USD total construction cost (architect or professional-engineer seal and signature not required)
“A building permit application must be submitted to the appropriate enforcing agency.”
Building Permit Information ↗Re-checked Sep 26, 2026
One more reviewed finding on this topic
- Published — Michigan Bureau of Construction Codes boiler, building, electrical, elevator, mechanical, and plumbing permit processing.
  “The Inspections Division is responsible for issuing boiler, building, electrical, elevator, mechanical, and plumbing permits. Permits can be checked and obtained expeditiously online at: https://aca-prod.accela.com/lara/ . Additionally, permits can be obtained via mail; however, applying by mail may cause delays in the applications process.”
  Permits ↗Re-checked Oct 1, 2026
Campground & park staysAllowed (with conditions)
RV occupancy at designated campsites in Michigan state parks and recreation areas, including facilities located in Mackinac County.
- No more than six people are allowed per campsite.
- No more than two standard cars, vans, pickups or street legal side-by-side ORVs are allowed, subject to the vehicle combinations stated by the DNR.
- One primary camping unit, including a truck camper, trailer, or RV, may be allowed per campsite.
- Tents may be pitched alongside the primary camping unit only if equipment stays within the site's boundary and the six-person limit is not exceeded.
- Only permitted vendors may transport camper unit or RV rentals in and out of state parks.
- State-park campsite check-in starts at 3 p.m. and checkout is by 1 p.m.
maximum people per campsite: <= 6 people · primary camping units per campsite: <= 1 unit (truck camper, trailer, RV, etc.)
“One primary camping unit (ie. truck camper, trailer, RV, etc.) may be allowed per campsite. If you’d like to pitch tents alongside it, just make sure equipment stays within your site's boundary and you don't exceed six people.”
michigan.gov ↗Re-checked Oct 5, 2026
10 more reviewed findings on this topic
- Limited — Park-model recreational units, a limited tiny-home-like category, on licensed Michigan campground campsites.
  “recreational unit that is built on a single chassis mounted on wheels, that has a gross trailer area of not more than 400 square feet”
  Cabins and park models ↗Re-checked Sep 11, 2026
- Limited — In Mackinac County, a campground involving five or more recreational units, including RVs, placed on a parcel or tract and used for temporary living quarters.
  “requires a campground license when five or more recreational units (i.e., tents, campers, RVs) are placed on a parcel or tract of land”
  Temporary campgrounds ↗Re-checked Sep 26, 2026
- Limited — Temporary campgrounds statewide in Michigan, including Mackinac County, when five or more recreational units are placed on a parcel or tract of land and used for temporary living quarters.
  “A temporary campground license issued by the local health department (LHD) having jurisdiction is required prior to operating a temporary campground.”
  Temporary campgrounds ↗Re-checked Oct 4, 2026
- Limited — Occupancy by recreational vehicles in a campground located in Mackinac County, Michigan.
  “five or more campsites and/or allow five or more recreational units [...] you will need a campground license”
  Starting a campground ↗Re-checked Oct 7, 2026
- Limited — Tiny houses, including tiny houses built on wheels, proposed as resort cabins or similar occupancy in Michigan.
  “Local zoning, building, electrical, plumbing permits and final approvals under local authorities.”
  michigan.gov ↗Re-checked Sep 11, 2026
- Limited — RV occupancy as part of a Michigan campground consisting of five or more recreational units used for temporary living quarters.
  “requires a campground license when five or more recreational units (i.e., tents, campers, RVs) are placed on a parcel or tract of land”
  Temporary campgrounds ↗Re-checked Oct 1, 2026
- Limited — Temporary camping in a Michigan temporary campground.
  “A temporary campground license issued by the local health department (LHD) having jurisdiction is required prior to operating a temporary campground.”
  Temporary campgrounds ↗Re-checked Oct 1, 2026
- Limited — Occupancy of RVs and other recreational units as temporary living quarters in a Michigan campground offering sites to the public or members of an organization, where 5 or more recreational units are involved.
  “A campground owner shall ensure that a site is occupied by not more than 8 persons and by not more than 1 recreational unit.”
  Legislation governing campgrounds in Michigan ↗Re-checked Oct 1, 2026
- Limited — Operating a campground offering five or more campsites or recreational units, including temporary campground operations.
  “Part 125 of Michigan's Public Health Code, 1978 PA 368, as amended, and its administrative rules, establish the requirements for constructing, modifying, licensing, and operating a campground. A license from the Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy (EGLE) is required to operate a campground offering five or more campsites/recreational units in the state of Michigan.”
  Campgrounds ↗Re-checked Nov 4, 2026
- Limited — Occupancy of a mobile home located in a seasonal mobile home park.
  “Mobile homes located in a seasonal mobile home park may be occupied on a full-time basis from April 1 to October 31, but shall not be occupied for more than 15 consecutive days in any 30-day period from November 1 to March 31.”
  Mobile Home Commission Act, 1987 PA 96 ↗Re-checked Nov 4, 2026
county building authorityGeneral
Michigan counties serving as building-code enforcing agencies for residential construction in unincorporated areas, subject to the Statewide Jurisdiction List and local/state jurisdiction assignments.
- Before construction, a written building-permit application must be submitted to the appropriate enforcing agency.
- A permit is also required when use or occupancy changes.
- Ordinary repairs do not require a permit, but the stated structural, egress, plumbing, electrical, mechanical, and public-health/safety limitations apply.
- The Michigan Building Code and Michigan Residential Code govern construction; county enforcement applies only where the Statewide Jurisdiction List designates county jurisdiction.
“If COUNTY is indicated, that unit of government receives code enforcement services from a county enforcing agency.”
Building Permit Information ↗Re-checked Sep 21, 2026

Inside cities and towns in Mackinac County

Municipal rules found while researching the county. They apply inside that city or town, not to unincorporated land.

Local zoningPresent (with conditions)
Land use and development within the City of Mackinac Island, Mackinac County, Michigan.
- The ordinance establishes zoning districts and regulations governing land use and development within the City of Mackinac Island.
- The current city-posted compilation is Ordinance No. 479, effective November 12, 2013, amended through Ordinance No. 627, effective January 28, 2026.
- The ordinance includes mapped districts, general provisions, special land uses, site-plan review, administration and enforcement, and board-of-zoning-appeals procedures.
base ordinance effective date: 2013-11-12 · current compilation amended through ordinance: 627 · latest stated amendment effective date: 2026-01-28
“An ordinance to establish zoning districts and regulations governing the use and development of land within the City of Mackinac Island, County of Mackinac, State of Michigan.”
City of Mackinac Island Zoning Ordinance ↗Re-checked Oct 6, 2026
2 more reviewed findings on this topic
- Present (with conditions) — Land-use development within the City of Mackinac Island, Mackinac County, Michigan.
  “ZONING ORDINANCE CITY OF MACKINAC ISLAND, MICHIGAN Ord. No. 479, eff. November 12, 2013 Amended Through Ord. No. 627, eff. January 28, 2026 An ordinance to establish zoning districts and regulations governing the use and development of land within the City of Mackinac Island, County of Mackinac, State of Michigan.”
  City of Mackinac Island Zoning Ordinance ↗Re-checked Oct 6, 2026
- Present (with conditions) — Portage Township, Mackinac County, Michigan; the regional planning commission's official community page lists a Portage Township Zoning 2015 document.
  “Documents Portage Township Master Plan Amendment 2019 Portage Township Zoning 2015 Portage Township Master Plan Amendment 2012”
  Portage Township ↗Re-checked Oct 7, 2026
Minimum lot sizeDistrict specific (with conditions)
Portage Township districts: A-1 10 acres, F-1 20 acres, R-1 2 acres
- Lot size varies by district.
- R-2 is 1.5 acres for non-residential uses; its residential figure was not read.
- Lot width minimums: A-1 150 ft, F-1 300 ft, R-1 150 ft.
- The file is dated 2015 and may have been amended.
A-1 minimum lot area: >= 10 acres · F-1 minimum lot area: >= 20 acres · R-1 minimum lot area: >= 2 acres
“minimum lot area in the r-1 district is two (2) acres. b. minimum lot width minimum lot width in the r-1 district is one-hundred fifty (150) feet.”
Portage Township Zoning Ordinance (hosted on mackinaccounty.net, file dated 2015) ↗Re-checked Nov 12, 2026
SetbacksDistrict specific (with conditions)
Portage Township A-1 district. R-1 is front 50 ft, side 30 ft, rear 50 ft. F-1 is front 60 ft, side 50 ft, rear 50 ft.
- Setbacks vary by district.
- The rear setback for A-1 is cut off in the text read.
- The R-2 district was not read.
- The file is dated 2015 and may have been amended.
A-1 front setback: >= 60 feet · A-1 side setback: >= 50 feet
“front setback minimum front setback in the a-1 district is sixty (60) feet from the property line fronting the nearest public road. b. side setback minimum side setback in the a-1 district is fifty (50) feet.”
Portage Township Zoning Ordinance (hosted on mackinaccounty.net, file dated 2015) ↗Re-checked Nov 12, 2026
Living in an RVLimited
Dwelling use of recreational units (RVs, travel trailers) in Portage Township
- A structure that is not a dwelling unit may not be used for dwelling purposes for more than 21 days per year.
- Exceptions: seasonal camps in the F-1 district, and tents and portable recreational units in permitted campgrounds or the F-1 district.
- If the unit has no self-contained water and waste facilities, facilities that comply with health department regulations must be available.
- A zoning compliance permit is required for temporary dwelling units, except tents and portable recreational units in permitted campgrounds or the F-1 district.
- A recreational unit may be occupied for up to 1 year on the same lot as a principal dwelling under construction. This needs a zoning compliance permit and district health department approved water and waste systems; extensions need zoning administrator approval.
- Off-street parking of one recreational unit per lot is permitted in all districts, at least 5 feet from the property line.
- Other townships were not checked.
maximum temporary dwelling use: <= 21 days per year (F-1 district seasonal camps and campgrounds)
“no structure that does not meet the minimum standards for a dwelling unit as defined in this ordinance and the appropriate building code requirements for dwellings shall be used for dwelling purposes for more than twenty-one (21) days per year.”
Portage Township Zoning Ordinance (hosted on mackinaccounty.net, file dated 2015) ↗Re-checked Nov 12, 2026
Subdividing landRegulated (with conditions)
Land divisions in Garfield Township, Mackinac County
- The application is governed by Garfield Township Land Division Ordinance No. 21, adopted July 14, 1997, and the Michigan Land Division Act, MCL 560.101 et seq.
- The application requires the applicable approval documents, including zoning-administrator review, tax or special-assessment status, road or MDOT review where applicable, county addressing review where applicable, and land-division-agent review.
- Required fees include a land-division review fee and a zoning-administrator review fee, with amounts left blank on the cited form.
- Divisions must address access, easements, utilities, existing improvements, and applicable site constraints such as wetlands, flood plains, steep slopes, and on-site sewage limitations.
- A decision approving a land division is effective for 90 days and is automatically revoked unless the approved division is recorded and filed within that period.
- Approval does not guarantee a building permit if on-site water or sewage disposal is not approvable; the landowner is responsible for checking with the District Health Department.
approval validity period: 90 days (automatically revoked unless the approved division is recorded and filed within the period)
“automatically revoked unless within such a period”
Garfield Township Land Division Application ↗Re-checked Sep 26, 2026

Set by your township or city, not the county

In Michigan, zoning is adopted by each township or city, so Mackinac County has no county-wide answer on these. Find your township or city in the list of places on this page, or call its clerk or zoning administrator.

Minimum dwelling size
Lot coverage
Building height
Manufactured homes
Accessory dwellings
Short-term rentals

Each answer was extracted from an official source and independently re-checked against that source by a second reviewer. That is an evidence check, not legal advice. Rules change; confirm with the authority before you buy or build.

Living off-grid in Mackinac County, Michigan

Is Mackinac County a good place to live off-grid or homestead?

Mackinac County scores 85/100 on the Bolthole Index, a strong county profile. Its strengths: deep seclusion — about 2,273 people within a 30-minute drive and manageable long-term carry cost.

How much does land cost in Mackinac County, Michigan?

Land in Mackinac County runs about $3,181 per acre, based on the latest county data.

What is the water situation in Mackinac County?

Mackinac County gets about 33.6" of rain a year, with severe drought in roughly 1.2% of years.

How remote is Mackinac County?

A representative private-land location has about 2,273 people within a 30-minute drive and 219,664 within two hours. The road-network catchments count population across county lines and clusters of smaller cities; straight-line radius values remain available as a comparison.

Building permits, zoning and land rules in Mackinac County, Michigan